Prokaryotic expression and polyclonal antibody preparation of human adenovirus type 7 DNA binding protein / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To express DNA-binding protein (DBP) of human adenovirus (HAdV) type 7 using the prokaryotic expression system, and product anti-HAdV-7 DBP rabbit polyclonal antibody. Methods: The HAdV-7 DBP gene was synthesized and cloned into prokaryotic expressing vector pET30a, and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) competent cell. The recombinant protein DBP was expressed by induced Isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and purified with Ni-NTA affinity column. The titer of anti-DBP polyclonal antibody produced in immunized rabbit was measured by indirect ELISA, and the specificity of the antibody was identified by Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). In addition, purified rDBP was used as coating antigen for indirect ELISA assay to detect specific IgM and IgG antibodies against DBP in the serum of children infected with HAdV. Results: The HAdV-7 DBP plasmid was constructed successfully. The purified recombinant DBP was more than 95% after purification. The titer of polyclonal antibody was 1∶1 024 000. The polyclonal antibody showed high specificity in vitro using Western blotting and IFA. The positive rate of specific anti-DBP IgM and IgG antibody in acute-phase serum samples collected from children infected with HAdV were 50.0% (19/38) and 63.2% (24/38), respectively, using indirect ELISA. Conclusion: In summary, the HAdV-7 rDBP is expressed using prokaryotic expression system, and the recombinant HAdV-7 DBP protein and the anti-DBP rabbit polyclonal antibody with high titer are prepared.

Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To access the benefits and harms of remote ischemic preconditioning(RIPC) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods:An electronic and manual search of literature published before Mar 2020 was conducted using Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials(RCTs), CNKI, CBM, WanFang and VIP. 23 studies involving in 5 025 participants were included. Patients were randomly assigned to either remote ischemic preconditioning group(n=2 524) or control group(n=2 521). Remote ischemic preconditioning consisted of 3-4 cycles of lower limbs or upper limbs ischemia and reperfusion with an automated cuff inflator. Clinical data and the levels of injury biomarkers were collected. The main outcomes were the incidence of adverse events, mortality in the hospital, and the post-operative troponin concentration. The effective values of dichotomous variables or continuous variables were estimated by Relative risk( RR) or by mean differences( MD), standardized mean differences( SMD) with 95% confidence intervals( CI) respectively. Results:In general risk of bias varied from low to moderate risk of bias across included studies, and insufficient detail was provided to inform judgement in several cases. There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to all-cause mortality in hospital( RR=1.27, 95% CI: 0.84-1.91, P=0.26), no-fatal myocardial infarction( RR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.79-1.07, P=0.27) , new stroke( RR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.61-1.50, P=0.84), new atrial fibrillation( RR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.83-1.15, P=0.77) and acute renal failure( RR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.90-1.14, P=0.83). Conclusion:There is no evidence that RIPC has a treatment effect on clinical outcomes(measured as all-cause mortality in hospital, no-fatal myocardial infarction, new stroke, new atrial fibrillation, and acute renal failure). More research should be designed to confirm the effect of RIPC on myocardial protection with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Prevalence Rate and Risk Factors of Hypothyroidism in Children with Beta Thalassemia Major in Zhuhai Area / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prevalence rate of hypothyroidism in children with β-thalassemia major (β-TM) and its risk factors.@*METHODS@#A total of 86 children with β-TM treated and followed up in the Department of Pediatrics of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from August 2018 to August 2020 were enrolled. The clinical data of the children were analyzed to investigate the prevalence rate of hypothyroidism in children with β-thalassemia major (β-TM) and its risk factors.@*RESULTS@#The prevalence rate of hypothyroidism in children with β-TM in Zhuhai area was 17.4%. The level of serum ferritin(SF) (4948.27±1225.33 μg/L) in hypothyroidism children was significantly increased(t=10.273，P<0.05). The prevalence rate of hypothyroidism was significantly higher in β-TM children(age ≥10 years old, SF ≥2 500 μg/L and irregular iron removal) (P<0.05). Logistic regression result showed that age ≥10 years old was the independent risk factor affecting the increasing of hypothyroidism rate in the children. The levels of SF(3880.60±1269.17 μg/L), TSH(4.43±1.52 mIU/L) and the prevalence rate of hypothyroidism(37.14%)(P<0.05) were higher for the children in irregular iron removal group.@*CONCLUSION@#The prevalence rate of hypothyroidism in children with β-TM in Zhuhai area is high, and it is related to the age ≥10 years old, SF ≥2 500 μg/L and irregular iron removal of the children.

A multicenter study of the birth condition of preterm infants and the causes of preterm birth in Henan Province, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the birth condition of preterm infants and the causes of preterm birth in Henan Province, China, and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of preterm birth.@*METHODS@#An epidemiological investigation was conducted for live-birth preterm infants who were born in 53 hospitals in 17 cities of Henan Province from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 to investigate the incidence rate of preterm birth, the distribution of gestational age and birth weight, the use of antenatal glucocorticoids, and the causes of preterm birth.@*RESULTS@#The incidence rate of preterm birth was 5.84% (12 406/212 438) in the 53 hospitals. The proportions of preterm infants with gestational ages of < 28 weeks, 28 - < 32 weeks, 32 - < 34 weeks, and 34 - < 37 weeks were 1.58% (196/12 406), 11.46% (1 422/12 406), 15.18% (1 883/12 406), and 71.78% (8 905/12 406) respectively. The proportions of preterm infants with birth weights of < 1 000 g, 1 000- < 1 500 g, 1 500- < 2 500 g, 2 500- < 4 000 g, and ≥ 4 000 g were 1.95% (240/12 313), 8.54% (1 051/12 313), 49.53% (6 099/12 313), 39.59% (4 875/12 313), and 0.39% (48/12 313) respectively. The infants born by natural labor accounted for 28.76% (3 568/12 406), and those born by cesarean section accounted for 70.38% (8 731/12 406). The rate of use of antenatal glucocorticoids was 52.52% (6 293/11 983) for preterm infants and 68.69% (2 319/3 376) for the preterm infants with a gestational age of < 34 weeks. Iatrogenic preterm labor was the leading cause of preterm birth[40.06% (4 915/12 270)], followed by spontaneous preterm birth[30.16% (3 701/12 270)] and preterm birth due to premature rupture of membranes[29.78% (3 654/12 270)]. The top three causes of iatrogenic preterm birth were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy[47.12% (2 316/4 915)], fetal intrauterine distress[22.85% (1 123/4 915)], and placenta previa/placental abruption[18.07% (888/4 915)].@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a relatively low incidence rate of preterm birth in Henan Province, and late preterm infants account for a relatively high proportion. Iatrogenic preterm birth is the main cause of preterm birth in Henan Province, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and fetal intrauterine distress are the main causes of iatrogenic preterm birth.

Epidemiology of Sepsis-3 in a sub-district of Beijing: secondary analysis of a population-based database / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#With the publication of Sepsis-3 definition, epidemiological data based on Sepsis-3 definition from middle-income countries including China are scarce, which prohibits understanding of the disease burden of this newly defined syndrome in these settings. The purpose of this study was to describe incidence and outcome of Sepsis-3 in Yuetan sub-district of Beijing and to estimate the incidence rate of Sepsis-3 in China.@*Methods@#The medical records of all adult residents hospitalized from July 1, 2012 to June 30, 2014 in Yuetan sub-district of Beijing were reviewed. Patients with sepsis-3 and severe sepsis/septic shock were identified. The incidence rates and mortality rate of sepsis-3 and sepsis/septic shock were calculated, incidence rates and in-hospital mortality rates were normalized to the population distribution in the 2010 National Census. Population incidence rate and case fatality rate between sexes were compared with the Z test, as the data conformed to Poisson distribution.@*Results@#Of the 21,191 hospitalized patients, 935 patients were diagnosed with Sepsis-3, and 498 cases met severe sepsis/septic shock criteria. The crude annual incidence rate of Sepsis-3 in Yuetan sub-district was 363 cases per 100,000 population, corresponding to standardized incidence rates of 236 cases per 100,000 population per year, respectively. The overall case fatality rate of Sepsis-3 was 32.0%, the crude population mortality rates of Sepsis-3 was 116 cases per 100,000 population per year, the standardized mortality rate was 67 cases per 100,000 population per year, corresponding to a speculative extrapolation of 700,437 deaths in China. The incidence rate and mortality rate of Sepsis-3 were significantly higher in males, elderly people, and patients with more comorbidities. The 62.1% of patients with Sepsis-3 had community-acquired infections, compared with 75.3% of infected patients without Sepsis-3 (P < 0.001). The most common infection in patients with Sepsis-3 was lower respiratory tract infection. When compared with patients with Sepsis-3, patients diagnosed as severe sepsis/septic shock were more likely to have higher case fatality rate (53.4% vs. 32.0%, P < 0.001)@*Conclusions@#This study found the standardized incidence rate of 236 cases per 100,000 person-year for Sepsis-3, which was more common in males and elderly population. This corresponded to about 2.5 million new cases of Sepsis-3 per year, resulting in more than 700,000 deaths in China.@*Clinical trial registration@#NCT02285257, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT02285257.

Risk factors for poor prognosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors for poor prognosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 152 children with neonatal bacterial meningitis. According to their prognosis, they were divided into a good prognosis group with 122 children and a poor prognosis group with 30 children. The two groups were compared in terms of general status, initial symptoms, and laboratory findings, and the risk factors for poor prognosis were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the good prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had a significantly higher proportion of children with a very low birth weight, a peripheral blood white blood cell count (WBC) of 20×10/L, a C-reactive protein level of >50 mg/L, a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) WBC of >500×10/L, a CSF glucose level of 2 g/L, as well as significantly higher positive rates of blood culture and/or CSF culture, Gram-positive bacteria, and Streptococcus agalactiae (P2 g/L were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis.@*CONCLUSIONS@#A CSF glucose level of 2 g/L are risk factors for poor prognosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis.

Epidemiology of Sepsis-3 in a sub-district of Beijing: secondary analysis of a population-based database / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#With the publication of Sepsis-3 definition, epidemiological data based on Sepsis-3 definition from middle-income countries including China are scarce, which prohibits understanding of the disease burden of this newly defined syndrome in these settings. The purpose of this study was to describe incidence and outcome of Sepsis-3 in Yuetan sub-district of Beijing and to estimate the incidence rate of Sepsis-3 in China.@*METHODS@#The medical records of all adult residents hospitalized from July 1, 2012 to June 30, 2014 in Yuetan sub-district of Beijing were reviewed. Patients with sepsis-3 and severe sepsis/septic shock were identified. The incidence rates and mortality rate of sepsis-3 and sepsis/septic shock were calculated, incidence rates and in-hospital mortality rates were normalized to the population distribution in the 2010 National Census. Population incidence rate and case fatality rate between sexes were compared with the Z test, as the data conformed to Poisson distribution.@*RESULTS@#Of the 21,191 hospitalized patients, 935 patients were diagnosed with Sepsis-3, and 498 cases met severe sepsis/septic shock criteria. The crude annual incidence rate of Sepsis-3 in Yuetan sub-district was 363 cases per 100,000 population, corresponding to standardized incidence rates of 236 cases per 100,000 population per year, respectively. The overall case fatality rate of Sepsis-3 was 32.0%, the crude population mortality rates of Sepsis-3 was 116 cases per 100,000 population per year, the standardized mortality rate was 67 cases per 100,000 population per year, corresponding to a speculative extrapolation of 700,437 deaths in China. The incidence rate and mortality rate of Sepsis-3 were significantly higher in males, elderly people, and patients with more comorbidities. The 62.1% of patients with Sepsis-3 had community-acquired infections, compared with 75.3% of infected patients without Sepsis-3 (P < 0.001). The most common infection in patients with Sepsis-3 was lower respiratory tract infection. When compared with patients with Sepsis-3, patients diagnosed as severe sepsis/septic shock were more likely to have higher case fatality rate (53.4% vs. 32.0%, P < 0.001) CONCLUSIONS:: This study found the standardized incidence rate of 236 cases per 100,000 person-year for Sepsis-3, which was more common in males and elderly population. This corresponded to about 2.5 million new cases of Sepsis-3 per year, resulting in more than 700,000 deaths in China.@*CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION@#NCT02285257, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT02285257.

Intractable sudden deafness treated with acupuncture on the base of "heart housing the mind" / 中国针灸

Intractable sudden deafness is a kind of primary sudden deafness that is insensitive to the comprehensive treatment in modern medicine. Due to the close relationship between the ear and the "heart", combined with the characteristics of intractable sudden deafness, in the theoretic guidance of "the heart housing the mind", the acupuncture therapy for regulating the mind and nourishing the heart was introduced in treatment of intractable sudden deafness, the relevant theoretic evidences were explored and elaborated with the typical case.

MiR-1246 Promotes Metastasis and Invasion of A549 cells by Targeting GSK-3β‒Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs involved in different cancers, including lung cancer. Here, we aim to investigate the expression profiles of circulating miRNAs and their roles contributed to the progress of lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The levels of circulating miRNA in lung cancer patients were investigated by miRNAs assay. Then we predicted the target genes of aberrantly expressing miRNAs by searching genetic databases. Based on the A549 cells transfected with miR-1246 mimics or miR-1246 inhibitor,we further measured the roles of miR-1246 involving in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion capacities of lung cancer cells in vitro. Finally, we detected the effects of miR-1246 on glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)/β-catenin pathway by immunofluorescence and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: We identified that 14 miRNAs were aberrantly expressed in the serum of lung cancer patients. Among them, miR-1246 was the most up-regulated. The cell assays indicated that miR-1246 significantly increased the migration and invasion capabilities of A549 lung cancer cells. Meanwhile, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that miR-1246 promoted EMT process of A549 cells accompanying with decreasing E-cadherin expression, while increasing vimentin and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) expression. Furthermore, an online tool predicated that miR-1246 might bind to 3′-untranslated region of GSK-3β, which was confirmed by overexpression and knockdown of miR-1246 assays. CONCLUSION: Taken together, the study illustrates that miR-1246 regulates Wnt/β-catenin pathway through targeting GSK-3β/β-catenin, which partly contributing to tumor metastasis. MiR-1246 may play an essential role in the diagnosis and therapeutic of lung cancer.

Clinical effect of femtosecond laser combined with phacoemulsification in senile cataract patients / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To explore the clinical effect of femtosecond laser combined with cataract phacoemulsification(PHACO)in the treatment of senile patients with cataract. <p>METHODS: The clinical data of 78(78 eyes)patients with cataract were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with femtosecond laser combined with PHACO were included in observation group(40 cases in 40 eyes), and patients with PHACO alone were included in control group(38 cases in 38 eyes). The changes of intraocular pressure(IOP), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)\〖logarithmic visual acuity chart(LogMAR)\〗, central corneal thickness(CCT), corneal endothelial cells(CEC)count and tear oxidative stress indexes \〖prostaglandin E₂(PGE₂), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)\〗 were compared before operation, at 1d,1wk and 1mo after operation, and phacoemulsification time and the occurrence of complications within 1mo after operation were analyzed in the two groups. <p>RESULTS: At 1d, 1wk and 1mo after operation, the values of IOP and BCVA in two groups were decreased significantly compared with those before operation, and the values showed significantly decreasing trend with the prolongation of postoperative observation time, and the values in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment(<i>P</i><0.05). The levels of CCT and PGE₂ in two groups were significantly increased compared with those before operation, and the levels showed significantly decreasing trend with the prolonged observation time, and the levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). The levels of CEC count and GSH-Px in two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before operation, and the levels showed an obvious upward trend with the prolonged observation time, and the levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). The phacoemulsification time and the total incidence rate of complications within 1mo after operation in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Femtosecond laser combined with PHACO can effectively improve the levels of IOP, CCT and CEC count in elderly patients with cataract, and reduce the occurrence risk of postoperative complications, and it is beneficial to prognosis and recovery.

In vivo and in vitro effects of Miao Medicine Indigofera stachyoides extracts on breast cancer 4T1 cells / 中草药

Objective To study the effects of Indigofera stachyoide extracts on the breast cancer cells (4T1) in vivo and in vitro. Methods MTT method was used to detect the antitumor activity of I. stachyoides extracts in 4T1cells in vitro, the inhibition rate of cell proliferation, and half inhibition concentration (IC50). The established mice model with 4T1 solid tumor were randomly divided into model, extracts of I. stachyoides (petroleum ether phase, ethyl acetate phase, n-butanol phase, water phase, and ethanol extracts) groups, and cisplatin group. After being administered for 15 d, mice body weight and victera index were measured; The observation of tumor pathology and the calculation of tumor inhibition rate were performed. Results IC50 of ethyl acetate phase, n-butanol phase, ethanol extracts of I. stachyoides on 4T1 cells in vitro reached 228.9, 323.4, and 322.6 μg/mL, respectively. The tumor inhibition rates of petroleum ether phase, ethyl acetate phase, n-butanol phase, water phase, and ethanol extract of I. Stachyoides, and cisplatin group on 4T1 mice were (55.88 ± 6.68)%, (66.67 ± 14.32)%, (65.71 ± 12.38)%, (53.81 ± 16.17)%, (43.73 ± 25.73)%, and (76.85 ± 11.38)%, respectively. In the different extraction parts of I. stachyoide, the petroleum ether group had the effects of reducing the spleen index, increasing the thymus index and IL-2 level, and the ethyl acetate part was the best partaccording to tumor volume and the tumor suppressor rate. HE staining showed that the tumor cells in petroleum ether extract group were less than that in the model group, the cell arrangement was loose, the pathological mitosis and tumor cell infiltration were less than those of model group, and there was a small amount of lymphocytes and macrophages infiltration. Conclusion The extracts of I. stachyoides can inhibit the growth of 4T1 tumor cells in vivo and in vitro, and its mechanism may enhance the body immunity, so as to inhibit the tumor growth.

Frontiers and prospects in stent-assisted coiling in acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms / 医学研究生学报

Stent-assisted coiling has been widely used in endovascular treatment of wide-necked,giant and fusiform intracra-nial aneurysm,and has become an important technique for endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. However,for acutely rup-tured intracranial aneurysms,stent implantation will cause platelet aggregation and increase the incidence of ischemic events. There-fore,dual antiplatelet therapy should be used during perioperative period of endovascular treatment. However,the use of antiplatelet drugs may increase the risk of rebleeding and increase the difficulty and risk of subsequent external ventricular drainage and evacuation of intracranial hematoma. Therefore,the feasibility and safety of stent-assisted coiling in acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms are still in dispute. In this article,we briefly introduce the progress in stent-assisted coiling in acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Experimental study of high fat diet plus dexamethasone for inducing acute fatty liver model in mice / 重庆医学

Objective To study the drug dosage and time dependency characteristics of high-fructose-high-fat-feeding plus dexamethason for inducing the mouse acute fatty liver model and to optimize the condition of drug induced fatty liver model.Methods Male KM mice were divided into the normal control group and high-fructose-high-fat-feeding plus peritoneal injection of dexamethason group.The mice were killed at 3 different time points.The mouse body mass and liver mass were detected.The liver index was calculated.The serum and liver tissue homogenate TG and serum glucose(GLU) levels were detected.The liver tissue pathological change was observed by HE staining.Total RNA reverse expression related gene was extracted from the liver tissue.The total protein was extracted from the liver tissue and the related protein expression was detected by Western Blot.Results Compared with the control group,blood and liver homogenate TG after 7 d in the dexamethason model group was increased,the liver index was increased,the pathological section displayed that the fatty liver was formed.RT-PCR showed that lipid metabolism related gene expression had obvious change.Western Blot showed that SIRT1 was significantly decreased.But with the dexamethason dosage decrease and time extending,the fatty liver related indexes were decreased,lipid metabolic gene PPAR,FOXO3 and FXR were gradually increased,while LXR was gradually decreased and protein SIRT1 was gradually increased.Conclusion High-fructose-high-fatfeeding plus peritoneal injection of dexamethason could establish the mouse acute fatty liver model,moreover the model maintenance has dependency on dexamethason dosage and medication time,which has a guidance significance for the drug interventional experiment.

An UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside, bilobalide and ligustrazine in rat plasma, and its application to pharmacokinetic study of Xingxiong injection / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to develop and validate a rapid, sensitive, and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of five major active constituents in the traditional Chinese medicinal preparation Xingxiong injection (XXI) in rat plasma, including quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (QCR), kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (KFR), isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside (ISR), bilobalide (BB), and ligustrazine (LGT). The plasma samples were pretreated by protein precipitation with acetonitrile. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Symmetry C analytical column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 3.5 μm) with a mobile phase of 0.1% aqueous formic acid (A)-acetonitrile (B). Quantitation of the five bioactive constituents was achieved. Naringin was used as the internal standard (IS). All the calibration curves showed good linearity (r > 0.996) over the concentration range, with the lowest limit of quantification (LLOQ) between 2-18 ng·mL. The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision of the analytes were both within acceptable limits. Moreover, satisfactory extraction recoveries (90.92%-104.03%) were obtained by protein precipitation. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of XXI in rats after intravenous administration at three doses. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the five compounds varied in a dose-dependent manner within the tested dosage range. The present study was the first report of pharmacokinetic study for XXI.

Effects of Panax japonicus hypolipidemic compound on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice and its mechanism / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of Panax japonicas hypolipidemic compound (ZDS) on the lipid metabolism and its possible mechanism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mice induced by high sugar and fat diet.Methods The extracts of Panaax japonica rhizoma,Salviae Miltiorrhiz radix Et rhizoma and Crataegi Fructus were prepared,and ZDS compound was formulated according to their antioxidant activities.Forty SPF male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups (10 each):normal control group,model group,high-dose ZDS-treated group,and low-dose ZDS-treated group.In addition to the mice in normal control group were given conventional diet,the mice in other three groups were fed high-sugar high-fat diet.High-dose and low-dose ZDS-treated group were given 90mg/kg or 30mg/kg ZDS.After the treatment of five weeks,the histomorphology and lipid deposition of the liver were observed to confirm the establishment of mouse NAFLD model and the improvement of ZDS compound on lipid deposition.The relative expression of miR-34a,SIRT1,and lipid metabolism related genes (FASN,ACC1) was detected by RT-qPCR and RT-PCR.SIRT1 protein expression was detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the normal group,the morphological results showed hepatic lipid accumulation in the model group was more serious,the levels of triglyceride (TG) and miR-34a in the liver tissue increased significantly (P＜0.05),the expression levels of SIRT1 decreased,and the gene of lipid metabolism such as FASN,ACC1 significantly increased (P＜0.05).However,compared with the model group,ZDS compound improve hepatic lipid accumulation,liver TG content significantly decreased (P＜0.05),liver tissue miR-34a,FASN and ACC1 expressions decreased,while SIRT1 expression increased (P＜0.05).The protein expression of SIRT1 was consistent with its mRNA expression.Conclusion ZDS compound can effectively improve liver cell steatosis through the miR-34a/SIRT 1 pathway involved in lipid metabolism regulation,thus providing a new idea for early intervention of NAFLD through traditional Chinese compound medicine.

Study on Quality Standard of Jingyuan Capsules / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Jingyuan capsule. METHODS:TLC was used for qualitative iden-tification of Epimedium brevicornu,Pseudostellaria heterophylla and Fallopia multiflora in the preparation. HPLC method was used to determine the content of icariin. The determination was performed on Odyssil C18 column with mobile phase consisting of acetoni-trile-water(28:72,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 270 nm,and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. The contents of polysaccharides was determined by phenol-sulfuric method. RESULTS:TCL spots of E. brevicornu,P. heterophylla and F. multiflora were clear and well separated without interference from negative con-trol. The linear range of icariin ranged 0.027-0.135 mg/mL(r=0.9999);RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability test were all lower than 2.0%. The recoveries were 97.87%-101.94%(RSD=1.47%,n=9). The linear range of glucose ranged 0.056-0.121 mg/mL(r=0.9995),and RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability tests were all lower than 2.0%. The recoveries were 99.37%-100.38%(RSD=0.36%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The established standard can be used for the quality control of Jingyuan capsule.

Effects of Extracted Active Components of Chaenomeles Speciosa on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Model Mice induced by High-fat–high-fructose Diet / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To study the effects of extracted active components of Chaenomeles Speciosa (EACCS) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice; To discuss the possible molecular mechanism. Methods Forty male KM mice were randomized into four groups, namely normal group, model group, low-dose (50 mg/kg) EACCS group and high-dose (100 mg/kg) EACCS group. Except that the normal group was daily given routine diet, the other groups were given high-fat–high-fructose diet (HFFD). The mice were put to death 4 weeks later. Body weight, liver weight and serum TG were measured. HE and oil red O staining were used to observe liver tissue morphology. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of lipid metabolism related genes. Results Compared with the normal group, the liver size, liver index (P<0.01) and epididymal fat index (P<0.05) increased significantly;The ALT and GLU in serum increased (P<0.05), TG increased (P<0.05), and pathological findings showed significant steatosis; RT-PCR and Western blot showed that the expression levels of SIRT1 and FoxO1 mRNA decreased and the level of SERBP-1c increased in the model group. Compared with the model group, the hepatic lipid accumulation of EACCS groups was obviously improved, and the serum ALT, GLU, and TG levels significantly decreased, the expression levels of hepatic SIRT1 and FoxO1 mRNA increased. Conclusion EACCS has protective effects on NAFLD mice induced by HFFD, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of SIRT1-FoxO1 signaling pathway in the liver tissues.

The effect of medical assessment on the rehabilitation training of autism spectrum disorder children / 上海预防医学

Objective To explore the effect of medical assessment on the rehabilitation training of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Methods There were 67 children with ASD selected from special education schools .Their developmental level , ability of social life and social communication were evaluated by child health care physicians .There were 48 children classified as intervention group:individualized rehabilitation training targets were designed based on the assessment results and individualized rehabilitation training program was carried out .The other 19 children were served as controls and routine rehabilitation training was carried out .All children were reevaluated by physicians with the same methods after training for one year . Results The adaptability , language level and communication ability of children in the intervention group improved better than the control group , with statistically significant difference. Conclusion It is beneficial to develop training programs for children with ASD on the basis of medical assessment which can promote the development level of ASD children , social life ability and communication ability .

Developing the questionnaire on the causes of aggressive behavior in patients with schizophrenia: nurses' attitudes / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To develop a questionnaire suitable for China's cultural background on nurses' attitudes towards the causes of aggressive behavior in patients with schizophrenia,and to test its reliability and validity.Methods By literature review,semi-structured interview and combining with the China's conditions,the draft of the questionnaire item pool was formed,which was evaluated by the experts.Then the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested by investigating 340 nurses.Results The effective questionnaires were 312 copies.The questionnaire included 4 dimensions and 29 items.Exploratory factor analysis extracted 4 factors,the total explained variance was 56.175％.The Cronbach alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.909,and the dimensions' Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.812-0.896.The testretest reliability of the questionnaire was 0.897,and the dimensions' test-retest reliability was 0.742-0.886.The average of total questionnaire's content validity index was 0.968 and the average of the dimensions'content validity index was 0.943-0.978.Conclusions The questionnaire has good reliability and validity,which can be used to investigate nurses' attitudes towards the reasons of the aggressive behavior in patients with schizophrenia.

Clinical Study on 136 Children with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The prevalence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children (CSSNHL) is consistently increasing. However, the pathology and prognosis of CSSNHL are still poorly understood. This retrospective study evaluated clinical characteristics and possible associated factors of CSSNHL.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty-six CSSNHL patients treated in Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Institute of Otolaryngology at Chinese PLA General Hospital between July 2008 and August 2015 were included in this study. These patients were analyzed for clinical characteristics, audiological characteristics, laboratory examinations, and prognostic factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 136 patients (151 ears), 121 patients (121 ears, 80.1%) were diagnosed with unilaterally CSSNHL, and 15 patients (30 ears, 19.9%) with bilateral CSSNHL. The complete recovery rate of CSSNHL was 9.3%, and the overall recovery rate was 37.7%. We found that initial degree of hearing loss, onset of treatment, tinnitus, the ascending type audiogram, gender, side of hearing loss, the recorded auditory brainstem response (ABR), and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) had prognostic significance. Age, ear fullness, and vertigo had no significant correlation with recovery. Furthermore, the relevant blood tests showed 30.8% of the children had abnormal white blood cell (WBC) counts, 22.1% had elevated homocysteine levels, 65.8% had high alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 33.8% had high IgE antibody levels, and 86.1% had positive cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG antibodies.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CSSNHL commonly occurs unilaterally and results in severe hearing loss. Initial severe hearing loss and bilateral hearing loss are negative prognostic factors for hearing recovery, while positive prognostic factors include tinnitus, gender, the ascending type audiogram, early treatment, identifiable ABR waves, and DPOAEs. Age, vertigo, and ear fullness are not correlated with the recovery. Some serologic indicators, including the level of WBC, platelet, homocysteine, ALP, positive CMV IgG antibody, fibrinogen, and some immunologic indicators, are closely related to CSSNHL.</p>